这4位总统是：华盛顿(George Washington, 1732—1799，美国第一任总统)，杰斐逊(Thomas Jefferson, 1743—1826，美国第三任总统)，林肯(Abraham Lincoln, 1809—1865，美国第十六任总统)，西奥多·罗斯(Theodore Roosevelt, 1858—1919，美国第二十六任总统)。雕像头部高18米，高度是埃及金字塔旁的斯芬克斯狮身人面头像的两倍。这项工程是美国雕刻艺术史上的杰作，也是世界上最大的石雕像群，成为美国七大人造奇景之一(其他六大人造奇景是加利福尼亚州的金门桥——Golden Gate Bridge; 科罗拉多河上的胡佛大坝——Hoover Dam; 纽约市的自由女神像——Statue of Liberty, 它实为法国所造；休斯顿市的约翰逊宇航中心——Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 又称Manned Space-Craft Center; 迪斯尼乐园——Disneyland; 密苏里州的圣路易斯拱门——the Gateway of St. Louis)。
Section 3: Two teachers discussing field work course on live animal - 3 persons all together (新题)
Multiple Choices
21. 在开始field work之前，两位老师都获得了permit (许可) - permission to a pond
22. 为什么不用worksheet，不想太structure (死板) - not want the activity to be too structured
23. 在课程的第三部分，老师让孩子们identify the food chain(食物链)
24. variation (多样性) - provide variation to the class
25. 老师使用Movie而不live animals，是因为更加practical
Matching (配对项不明，待继续更新。)
26. whole class: listen to teachers
27. in pair: do a list
28. whole class: report ideas
29. individual: filling worksheet(CD讲的是table)
30. individual: do a drawing
Section 4: Mangroves Forest Protection (新题)
31. prevent flooding from the sea
32. be used by local farmers as firewood (木柴，柴火，为不可数名词。firewood为不可接受答案。)
37. watered with rain water (这里的salty铁定是错误答案了，salty是说的它的生活环境。录音原文中说是用rain来浇灌的。)
38. a barrier was made of hothouse (跟greenhouse意思一样，都表示温室的含义。)
39. destroyed in a storm
40. increasing rabbit population
背景补充：
Mangroves are unusual looking trees. They have roots that stand in saltwater and look like cables or ropes laid one on top of another. Mangroves are not just pretty, they help the environment. But now the first worldwide study warns that one in six of the many different kinds of mangroves could disappear.
As a result of the study, eleven species of mangrove have been placed on the Red List of Threatened Species. The list is kept by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The study appeared in the Public Library of Science journal PLoS ONE. Lead author Beth Polidoro works for the Global Marine Species Assessment Unit, based at Old Dominion University in Richmond, Virginia.
The researchers looked at seventy species of mangrove. They found that all mangrove forests on coastlines are under threat from development, logging or other dangers. But the areas in worst danger are on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Central America.
The study says mangrove trees provide more than one and a half billion dollars worth of services to ecological systems worldwide. For example, areas with mangrove forests were not damaged as badly by the Indian Ocean tsunami in two thousand four.
Mangrove forests protect land against erosion from wind, water and storms. They capture and store carbon dioxide, so experts say they can help fight climate change. And they serve as nurseries for shrimp and other saltwater organisms.
Beth Polidoro says about eighty percent of the mangrove area in India and Southeast Asia has disappeared within the past sixty years. Indonesia is said to have lost almost half its mangroves forests within the past thirty years.
Burma, also known as Myanmar, has lost many valuable mangrove trees in recent years. In some areas there, monkeys play in the tops of mangroves thirty meters tall and dolphins swim in the waters of mangrove forests.
One of the rarest species of mangrove tree grows in just a few places in East Asia and India. There are estimates that only about two hundred fifty mature trees of that species remain. Beth Polidoro says they may disappear within the next ten years unless action is taken to protect them.
She says the good news in the study is that some species of mangrove can be reforested relatively easily. But others are much more difficult to restart.
Academic Module
Writing Task 1 Bar Chart 柱状
The Bar Chart below gives the percentages of materials downloaded by adults from five countries.
Countries:
Britain
Italy
America
Japan
China
Comparing and Contrast Items:
TV clips or whole programmes
videos made by others
News clips
Writing Task 2 Causes and Effects 问题型 Society 社会
Nowadays, some organizations and charities publicize their activities by introducing special days every year like National Children's Day and Non-smoking Day. Why do they introduce special days and what effects does this have? (2008.12.20)
本题属于Report题型，要分析原因和所涉及的影响，属于分析解决型(不陈述解决方案而已)。
首先必须分析原因。既然要倡导活动，就要获得关注。命名一些节日：
一、使自己的活动有个理由；
二、找个时间(浅显的原因，但是比较重要)；
三、从长期的意义来看，这相当于一个闹钟，定期提醒人们记住活动主题。
然后分析效果。
一、好的方面：一些活动可以操作得很好；确实会使定期的记住一些主题(重点)。
二、坏的方面：被人利用；节日泛滥，一年只有365天。
General Training Writing
Task 1
You invited your family to have a special celebrate dinner in a well-known restaurant.
You are unsatisfied with the meal. You are writing to make a complaint.
-What is the situations?
-What is the problems?
- What do you want them to do?
Task2
Students in school should learn practical skills such as car maintenance and managing a bank account, as well as the traditional academic subjects?